This article was published in Dawn News on January 27, 2022. It is available here: 

https://www.dawn.com/news/1671724/prime-ministers-responsibility

ONCE again, in his characteristically blunt style, Prime Minister Imran Khan has announced that he would not engage in talks with Leader of the Opposition in the National Assembly Shehbaz Sharif, because he considers him as a person who has committed serious crimes against Pakistan. He made quite a few other equally blunt statements in his recent televised question-and-answer session called Aap ka wazeer-i-azam aap kay saath, but announcing the continued boycott of the leader of the opposition stands out as it involves serious constitutional and political issues of national interest.

To begin with, no one and least of all the prime minister of the country, can arbitrarily pronounce anyone, and least of all the leader of the opposition who is considered prime minister in waiting in our parliamentary system, a criminal. The job of convicting someone is clearly assigned to the courts and, in a civilised society, unless a court finds someone guilty he or she is innocent in the eyes of the law no matter how serious the allegations.

Although Shehbaz Sharif, president of the largest opposition political party the PML-N, is facing a number of serious criminal cases and regularly appears in the courts, he has not been convicted in any one of them yet. In fact, he has spent considerable time behind bars and it was the courts which gave him bail pending the final outcome of the cases against him.

It is not uncommon for our top political leaders to face multiple court cases. Benazir Bhutto appeared in the courts almost every other day with her young children in tow while her husband Asif Zardari was in prison. Asif Zardari too faced some extremely serious cases but both Ms Bhutto and Mr Zardari went on to occupy the two top positions of prime minister and president respectively. Former prime minister Nawaz Sharif was tried for the hijacking of a plane but later occupied the post for the third time after his conviction was reversed. Without prejudice to the merits of the ongoing cases, it is an unfortunate tradition in Pakistan that governments try to make life miserable for opposition leaders by instituting every conceivable case against them to hound them out of the political arena. The court cases alone, therefore, cannot be the criteria for holding someone guilty.

It is a constitutional obligation for the PM to consult the leader of the opposition.

Shehbaz Sharif is an elected member of the National Assembly and duly notified by the National Assembly secretariat in the constitutional position of leader of the opposition by virtue of leading the largest opposition party in the House. Till such time as a court of law convicts him and he stands disqualified to be a member of the legislature, or the majority of MNAs belonging to the opposition remove him, he remains opposition leader in the House. This is a reality which the prime minister should formally recognise and deal with Mr Sharif instead of going by his personal judgement.

The Constitution assigns some important responsibilities to the leader of the opposition. He has to be consulted by the prime minister in the appointment of some of the most important public officials in our country such as the chief election commissioner, four members of the election commission and chairman of NAB. He has also to be consulted in the appointment of a caretaker prime minister at the time of holding general elections. The Supreme Court has also said that these consultations “…cannot be treated lightly as a mere formality, rather supposed to be effective, meaningful, purposive, consensus oriented, leaving no room for complaint of arbitrariness or unfair play”. It is, therefore, not a choice for the prime minister to consult or not consult the leader of the opposition; it is a constitutional obligation.

In the past, when it became inevitable, the prime minister preferred communicating with the leader of the opposition through a letter rather than have a face-to-face consultation. Arguably, the spirit of the Constitution requires that the prime minister should hold in-person consultations with the leader of the opposition; the quality of consultation suffers, again arguably, by not holding in-person consultations. It should also be recognised that holding consultations is not an act of socialisation; it is a legal requirement which has to be fulfilled.

While the prime minister is personally averse to holding in-person consultations with the leader of the opposition, he has repeatedly delegated the task of consulting the opposition to his ministers. Recently, the foreign minister and leader of the PTI parliamentary party in the National Assembly, Shah Mahmood Qureshi, wrote a formal letter to Shehbaz Sharif as leader of the opposition to invite him to hold consultations with the PTI to evolve a consensus on a constitutional amendment for creating a new province in south Punjab. If holding consultations with the leader of the opposition is not right and it means compromising with ‘criminals’, then how is the consultation by ministers but not by the prime minister himself right?

Apparently, Prime Minister Imran Khan has skipped meetings with the opposition on critical issues because of his personal aversion. He did not attend a meeting on national security when Pakistan and India almost went to war after India bombed Balakot in February 2019. Later, the army chief had to apparently stand in for him in another meeting discussing the provincial status of Gilgit-Baltistan. Avoiding such prime ministerial responsibilities is unprecedented.

The prime minister has demonstrated in the past that he is quite capable of revisiting his decisions once he realises the need for reconsideration. He changed his mind on blocking the appointment of Shehbaz Sharif as leader of the opposition and, later, his election as chair of the Public Accounts Committee. In the interest of conforming to the Constitution, the prime minister should review his policy on engagement with the opposition leader in the National Assembly.